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Big Creek Associated Dates: : 3500 - 2500 Y.B.P. - Late Archaic Also See: Affinis Snyders, Bay de Noc Side Notched, Big Slough, Buck Creek Barbed, Burnt Bluff, Ferry, Gibson, Grand, Hamilton Stemmed, Hopewell, Lowe Flair Base, Manker Corner Notched, Marcos, Motley, North, Norton Corner Notched, Palmillas, Ross, Snyders, Williams Location: Southeastern United States, especially northeast Arkansas Morphology: Corner Notched
General Description: The Big Creek type is a small to medium sized, short, broad, ovoid corner notched point. The stem is short, wide, rounded or fan shaped, bulbous and has a convex basal edge. The distal tip is often times needle-like and can be quite distinctive on some examples. The needle tip seems to be a common feature which is found on several other point types that orginate in the Ozarks. The blade edges are excurvate and the shoulders are prominently barbed. The barbs usually project downwards and are formed by the corner notches which are angled upwards. On many specimens, the percussion and pressure flakes struck off the preform and blade were angled downward towards the basal end and form a chevron pattern. Some examples exhibit one expanded or pointed notch. The base may or may not be ground and if grinding is present it is usually very light. The type is associated with the latter part of the Late Archaic period. The Big Creek is most often found in northeast Arkansas and in the eastern Arkansas Ozarks. A few examples have been found in southeastern Missouri, northeastern Oklahoma and in Illinois. The Big Creek point type appears to be localized in these areas. It appears that some points may have seen use as a knife or scraper based upon edge crushing and hinged chipping scars on blade edges. Some examples of the Big Creek appear similar to Snyders or Affinis Snyders points however the narrow notch width of the Big Creek is the key to differentiation. Very small Big Slough points will be indistinguishable with this type. The size of the Big Creek point can range from 30 mm to 65 mm in length. The width of the blade ranges between 19 mm and 47 mm. The basal width range is between 16 mm and 28 mm. The range of the stem length is between 9 mm and 20 mm. The thickness ranges between 7 mm and 11 mm. Neck width at the notches ranges from 17mm to 25 mm. The Big Creek point type was named by Dan F. Morse in 1970 for examples which he found along the Big Creek in northeastern Arkansas.
ABOVE: BIGCRK01: Big Creek point; see description below About The Point Above: The average sized Big Creek point pictured on the left was found in Randolph County, Arkansas. The point is 55 mm long, 44 mm wide, neck width at the notches is 20 mm and basal width is 26 mm. The stem length is 15 mm. Thickness is 7.5 mm at the neck of the stem. The point is made from a satin light tan chert material that banded with dark brown and dark tan veins of colored chert. The point is somewhat patinated. There appears to be no basal grinding on the stem. (TEXT SOURCE: Art Gumbus, Lithics-Net) BIG CREEK POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY (46 images: 23 source images/23 thumbnails)
End of Big Creek Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE: BIGCRK02: Big Creek point; Marion Co., Arkansas; 2.56 inches (65mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK03: Big Creek point; Clay Co., Arkansas; 2.44 inches (61mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK04: Big Creek point; Clay Co., Arkansas; 2.76 inches (69mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK05: Big Creek point; northeast Arkansas; 2.04 inches (51mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK06: Big Creek point, showing massive impact fracture; Clay Co., Arkansas; 2.4 inches (60mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK07: Big Creek point; Boone Co., Arkansas; 1.48 inches (37mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK08: Big Creek point; northeast Arkansas; 2.1 inches (54mm); Crowley’s Ridge chert. Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK09: Big Creek point; northeastern Arkansas; 1.84 inches (46mm). Source: Kensrelics dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK10 AND BIGCRK11: Big Creek point; 1.63 inches (40.75mm); Izard Co., Arkansas. Source: Relicshack dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK12 AND BIGCRK13: Big Creek point; 2.25 inches (56.25mm); Izard Co., Arkansas. Source: Relicshack dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK14: Big Creek point; Buffalo River area, northeast Arkansas; 2.75 inches (69.8mm); first of two views. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK15: second of two views of Big Creek point described above. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK16: Big Creek point; northeastern Arkansas; 2.13 inches (54.1mm); Buffalo chert; first of two views. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com>
ABOVE: BIGCRK17: second of two views of Big Creek point described above. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK18: Big Creek point; north central Arkansas; 2.0 inches (50.8mm); first of two views. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK19: second of two views of Big Creek point described above. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK20 AND BIGCRK21: Big Creek point; Taney Co., Missouri; 2.0 inches (50.8mm). Source: Relicshack dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK22: Big Creek point; northeastern Arkansas; 2.25 inches (57.1mm). Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGCRK23: second of two views of Big Creek point described above. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com End of Big Creek - complete Big Sandy Associated Dates: : 11,000 - 3000 Y.B.P. Transitional Paleo to Late Archaic Also See: Big Sandy Broad Base, Big Sandy Contracted Base, Black Sand, Bolen, Cache River, Fairland, Frio, Godar, Graham Cave, Hemphill, Hickory Ridge, Jakie Stemmed, Kessell, Meadowood, Newton Falls, Osceola, Otter Creek, Pine Tree, Raddatz, Rowan, Savage Cave, St. Albans, Taylor Side Notched, Uvalde Location: Midwestern to Southeastern United States Morphology: Side Notched
(BIG SANDY POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY FOLLOWS EXTENSIVE TEXT DESCRIPTION FOLLOWING)
ABOVE: BIGSAND01: Big Sandy point) General Description: The Big Sandy is a small to medium sized, side notched type with early specimens showing heavy basal grinding, serrations, and horizontal flaking on blade faces. The blade is overall triangular in shape and flat with convex to straight blade edges. Fine pressure flaking was used to retouch the blade edges. The basal edge is commonly concave, but occasionally it can be straight. The side notches are usually broad and can range from shallow to deep. The ears are generally squared but can be rounded as described below. The Big Sandy family of points is composed of three members. There seem to be noticeable differences between early, middle and later types of Big Sandy points. The early types seem to be small versions of the Graham Cave. It is felt that some mistyped Big Sandy's are actually short versions of the Graham Cave which have been resharpened to near reject stage. Additionally there are variants of the Big Sandy family which are now point types of their own: The Big Sandy Broad Base, Big Sandy Contracted Base, Big Sandy E-Notch and Big Sandy - Leighton Base. The Big Sandy “middle” type still has concave bases and some have grinding but the ears of the bases have become more rounded and the use of heat treated cherts and bifacial resharpening is more common. The Big Sandy “later type” has much longer stems and prominent, sometimes expanding auriculated ears and are called, by some, the Jakie Shelter (named after the Jakie Shelter site in Barry County, Missouri). The Big Sandy type may also be associated with the Frazier point, which could be an unnotched form. Larger Big Sandy specimens were probably used as knives and then with use wear and multiple resharpenings, were transformed into projectile points. The Big Sandy (a.k.a. Jakie Shelter) and its variants are one of the most common Archaic point types found in the southeastern United States. Big Sandy points occur in highest frequency along the Tennessee River Valley in northern Alabama, Tennessee and Kentucky. They also occur less frequently in Missouri, south-central Indiana, west-central to southern Illinois, southwestern Ohio, northeastern Texas, and into the southeastern states as far south as Florida. The Big Sandy is known under the preferential term known as Otter Creek in the northeast (Ritchie) and the Taylor Side Notched in southeastern Coastal Plain states All too often side notched points of various time periods and localities are called Big Sandy points when they are not (see large Also See: above). The Big Sandy is found only in the area noted above and within reasonable distance from it. Some specimens of the Big Sandy have been carbon dated to 11,000 Y.B.P., but most points are associated with Mid-Archaic times. The age limits for the Big Sandy type are vague with dates ranging from 11,000 to 3,000 Y.B.P. The type was dated in Alabama's Stanfield-Worley Bluff Shelter in the 10,000 - 8,000 Y.B.P. range. The Modoc Rock Shelter in Illinois produced Big Sandy-like points at a depth of 26-27 feet dating between 11,000 - 10,000 Y.B.P. Then at the Hester site in Monroe County, Mississippi the Big Sandy was recovered in strata above Dalton points and below Decatur points giving a date range of 10,000 - 9500 Y.B.P. However Kneberg defined the point as an early to late Archaic type, occurring slightly later than the Eva Basal Notch types and occurring in strata dating from the period 5000 - 3000 Y.B.P. Thus the wide date range attributed to the type. The average specimen is between 28 mm and 68 mm in length with a width between 18mm and 35 mm and thickness between 4 mm and 8 mm. The type was named by Madeline Kneberg in 1956 for examples she recovered from the Big Sandy site in Henry County, Tennessee. (TEXT SOURCE: Art Gumbus, Lithics-Net) BIG SANDY POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY (128 images: 64 source images/64 thumbnails)
End of Big Sandy Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE: BIGSAND02: Big Sandy point; Shelbyville, Indiana; 2.5 inches (62.5mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND03: Big Sandy point; 2.43 inches (60.75mm)
ABOVE, LEFT: BIGSAND04: Big Sandy point; no details ABOVE, RIGHT: BIGSAND05: Big Sandy point; no details
ABOVE, L-R: BIGSAND06 AND BIGSAND07: Big Sandy point; Webster Co., Kentucky; 2.56 inches (64mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND08: Big Sandy point; Hart Co., Kentucky; 3.88 inches (97mm)
ABOVE, L-R: BIGSAND09 AND BIGSAND10: Big Sandy point; no details
ABOVE, LEFT: BIGSAND11: Big Sandy point; no details
ABOVE: BIGSAND13: Big Sandy point; Ohio Co., Kentucky; 3.25 inches (81.25mm); Fort Payne chert
ABOVE, L-R: BIGSAND14 AND BIGSAND15: Big Sandy point; Kentucky; 2.5 inches (62.5mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND16 AND BIGSAND17: Big Sandy point; Massac Co., Illinois; 2.5 inches (62.5mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND18 AND BIGSAND19: Big Sandy point; Massac Co., Illinois; 2.5 inches (62.5mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND20 AND BIGSAND21: Big Sandy point; Massac Co., Illinois; 2.25 inches (56.25mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND22: Big Sandy point; Perry Co., Indiana; 3.13 inches (78.25mm); Holland chert; first of three images
ABOVE: BIGSAND23: second of three views of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND24: third of three views of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND25: Big Sandy point; central Indiana; 2.63 inches (65.75mm); highly-patinated Burlington chert; first of two images
ABOVE: BIGSAND26: second of two views of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND27: Big Sandy point; no location; 6.0 inches (152.4mm); an even larger version of this point can be seen below, from a different source, in frame #46
ABOVE: BIGSAND28: Big Sandy point; Loraine Co., Ohio; 1.93 inches (48.25mm); first of two images
ABOVE: BIGSAND29: second of two images of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND30: Big Sandy point; Kentucky; 1.06 inches (26.5mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND31: Big Sandy point; Washington Co., Indiana; 2.13 inches (53.25mm); Flint Ridge flint; first of four images
ABOVE: BIGSAND32: second of four view of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND33: third of four views of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND34: third of four views of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND35 AND BIGSAND36: Big Sandy point; Glover Cave, Christian Co., Kentucky; 3.56 inches (90.4mm); firs two of three views
ABOVE: BIGSAND37: third of three views of Big Sandy point described above
ABOVE: BIGSAND38: Big Sandy point; no location; 3.06 inches (77.7mm)
ABOVE: BIGSAND39 AND BIGSAND40: Big Sandy point; Boone Co., Kentucky; 3.13 inches (83.8mm); Carter Cave chert
ABOVE, LEFT: BIGSAND41: Big Sandy point; Kentucky; 4.13 inches (105mm); Fort Payne chert
ABOVE: BIGSAND43: Big Sandy point; Franklin Co., Arkansas; 2.08 inches (53mm); Pinters chert
ABOVE: BIGSAND44: Big Sandy point; Butler Co., Missouri; 2.1 inches (54mm); Crowley’s Ridge chert
ABOVE: BIGSAND45: Big Sandy point; Fairfield Co., Ohio; 3.93 inches (99.8mm); Flint Ridge flint
ABOVE: BIGSAND46: Big Sandy point; Washington Co., Indiana; 6.0 inches (152.4mm); hornstone (a larger version of frame #27 above, different source)
ABOVE: BIGSAND47: Big Sandy point; no details. Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE, LEFT: BIGSAND48: Big Sandy point; no details. Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE, LEFT: BIGSAND50: Big Sandy point; no location; 1.5 inches (38.1mm); Fort Payne chert. Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND51: Big Sandy point; Kentucky; 2.875 inches (73mm); Hornstone; first of two views. Source: Penbrandt dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND52: second of two views of Big Sandy point described above. Source: Penbrandt dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND53: Big Sandy point; Clay Co., Arkansas; 2.38 inches (60.4mm); first of two views. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND54: second of two views of Big Sandy point described above. Source: Chris Merriam, Arrowheadsonline dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND55 AND BIGSAND56: Big Sandy point; Baby Farm Site, York Co., Ontario, Canada; 2.2 inches (56mm). Source: Royal Ontario Museum
ABOVE: BIGSAND57 AND BIGSAND58: Big Sandy points; northwest Alabama; L-R: 2.25 inches (57.1mm) and 2.75 inches (69.8mm); first of three views. Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND59: third of three views of Big Sandy points described above in frame #58. Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND60: Big Sandy points; location not stated; 2.25 inches (57.1mm). Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND61 AND BIGSAND62: Big Sandy point; Kentucky; 3.68 inches (93.4mm); Hornstone; first two of three views. Source: Bartbinghamartifacts dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND63: third of three views of Big Sandy point described above in frame #61. Source: Bartbinghamartifacts dot com
ABOVE: BIGSAND64: Big Sandy points; lithic materials used are, from L-R beginning with top row: rhyolite, chert, chert; bottom row: chert, mylonite, chert. Source: Virginia Department of Historic Resources http://www.dhr.virginia.gov/ End of Big Sandy - Complete Big Sandy Broad Base Associated Dates: 10,000 - 7000 Y.B.P. Transitional Paleo to Early Archaic Also See: Big Sandy, Meadowood, Osceola, Otter Creek, Rowan Location: Southeastern United States Morphology: Side Notched
General Description:The Big Sandy Broad Base is a subtype of the Big Sandy family. It is a small to medium sized, side notched projectile point. The Broad Base subtype has a base that is wider than the blade and shows heavy basal grinding. The basal edge can be either slightly incurvate or straight. The type has moderately deep side notches. The basal auricles are expanded and are usually rectangular in outline. The stem is noticeable wider than the blade. The blade is usually triangular and medium in width or narrow. The blade edges are usually unbeveled and can be serrated. The blade terminates in a sharp distal tip and at the proximal end can have small, often struck, horizontal or slightly tapered barbs. The average specimen is between 31 mm and 74 mm in length with a width between 22 mm and 34 mm and thickness between 6 mm and 8 mm. The Big Sandy Broad Base subtype was named by James W. Cambron for examples he recovered from sites in Alabama.
ABOVE: BSBB01: Big Sandy Broad Base point; see description below About the Point Above: The point pictured above, is a large Big Sandy Broad Base specimen made of a rusty brown colored non-glossy flint. The point measures 65 mm in length, is 29 mm wide across the base and is 6.5 mm thick. The width across the barbs, which are struck, is 27 mm. The stem is 11 mm long and is thinned to 4 mm thick. The base is ground. The blade has fine horizontal flaking across both blade faces. This point is from the former Johnnie Woodard collection and was found near the town of Dickson, Dickson County, Tennessee. (TEXT SOURCE: Art Gumbus, Lithics-Net) BIG SANDY BROAD BASE POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY (32 images: 16 source images/16 thumbnails)
End of Big Sandy Broad Base Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE, L-R: BSBB02 AND BSBB03: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Posey Co., Indiana; 2.75 inches (68.75mm)
ABOVE: BSBB04: Big Sandy Broad Base point; 2.93 inches (73.25mm)
ABOVE: BSBB05: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Indiana; 1.93 inches (48.25mm)
ABOVE: BSBB06: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Tennessee; 1.63 inches (40.75mm)
ABOVE: BSBB07: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Fayette Co., Texas; 1.5 inches (37.5mm)
ABOVE: BSBB08: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Campbell Co., Kentucky; 1.81 inches (45.25mm)
ABOVE, L-R: BSBB09 AND BSBB10: Big Sandy Broad Base point; no details
ABOVE: BSBB11: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Kentucky; 2.5 inches (62.5mm)
ABOVE: BSBB12 AND BSBB13: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Massac Co., Illinois; 1.5 inches (37.5mm)
ABOVE: BSBB14: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Indiana; 2.06 inches (51.5mm)
ABOVE: BSBB15: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Washington Co., Indiana; 1.19 inches (29.75mm)
ABOVE: BSBB16: Big Sandy Broad Base point; Indiana; 1.63 inches (41.4mm; hornstone) End of Big Sandy Broad Base - Complete Big Sandy Contracted Base Associated Dates: 11,000 - 3000 Y.B.P. Transitional Paleo to Late Archaic Also See: Big Sandy, Big Sandy Broad Base, Black Sand, Bolen Bevel, Cache River, Fairland, Frio, Godar, Graham Cave, Hemphill, Hickory Ridge, Jakie Stemmed, Kessell, Meadowood, Newton Falls, Osceola, Otter Creek, Pine Tree, Raddatz, Rowan, Savage Cave, St. Albans, Taylor Side Notched, Uvalde Location: Midwestern to Southeastern United States Morphology: Bifurcated
General Description:The Big Sandy Contracted Base point is a small to medium sized bifurcated, side notched type with a deeply concave base that shows heavy basal grinding. Some examples show parallel flaking on blade faces. Blade edge serrations can occur. The blade is overall triangular in shape and flat with excurvate to straight blade edges. Fine pressure flaking was used to retouch the blade edges. The basal edge is deeply concave and the basal corners appear to be rounded auricles or ears that point outwards or droop downwards. The side notches are usually broad and can range from shallow to deep. The Big Sandy family of points is composed of five members. There seem to be noticeable differences between early, middle and later types of Big Sandy points. The early types seem to be small versions of the Graham Cave. It is felt that some mis-typed Big Sandy's are actually short versions of the Graham Cave which have been resharpened to near reject stage. Additionally there are variants of the Big Sandy family which are now point types of their own: The Big Sandy, Big Sandy Broad Base, Big Sandy Contracted Base, Big Sandy E-Notch and Big Sandy - Leighton Base. There is no data available as to the typical sizes for the Big Sandy Contracted Base type. The type was named by James W. Cambron and David C. Hulse in 1975.
ABOVE: BSCB01: Big Sandy Contracted Base point; see description below About the Point Above: The point pictured above, is a magnificent, large Big Sandy Contracted Base specimen made from a dull white chert. The point measures 101 mm in length, 40 mm at the widest point and is 10 mm thick just above the notches at mid blade. The width across the ears of the base is 29 mm and the stem is 6 mm thick. The stem is 19 mm long and the concavity of the base is 9 mm deep. The blade has fine retouch knapping scars on the recurved blade edges. The base is heavily ground in the basal area with some grinding in the notches. One of the auricles has been historically chipped thus reducing the basil width dimension. This point was found in northern Arkansas. Catalog Number 88-75-L. (TEXT SOURCE: Art Gumbus, Lithics-Net) BIG SANDY CONTRACTED BASE POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY (10 images: 5 source images/5 thumbnails)
End of Big Sandy Contracted Base Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE: BSCB02: Big Sandy Contracted Base point; Suwannee River, ¼ mile north of the I-10 bridge. Source: AACA (www.aaca.com)
ABOVE: BSCB03: Big Sandy Contracted Base point; Kentucky; 2.19 inches (54.75mm); first of three images
ABOVE: BSCB04 AND BSCB05: second and third of three views of Big Sandy Contracted Base point described above End of Big Sandy Contracted Base - Complete Big Sandy E-Notched Associated Dates: 8000 – 6000 Y.B.P.
About the Point Above: BIG SANDY E-NOTCHED POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY (14 images: 7 source images/7 thumbnails)
End of Big Sandy E-Notched Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE, LEFT: BIGSANDEN01: Big Sandy E-Notched point; no location; 1.8 inches (45.7mm). Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE: BIGSANDEN03: Big Sandy point; 2.5 inches (63.5mm). Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com
ABOVE: BIGSANDEN04 AND BIGSANDEN05: Big Sandy E-Notch point; Tennessee; 2.93 inches (74.4mm); jasper; first two of four views. Source: Penbrandt dot com
ABOVE: BIGSANDEN06 AND BIGSANDEN07: third and fourth of four views of Big Sandy E-Notch point described above in frame #04. Source: Penbrandt dot com End of Big Sandy E-Notched - Complete Big Sandy Leighton Base Associated Dates: 8000 – 6000 Y.B.P.
About the Point Above: BIG SANDY LEIGHTON BASE THUMBNAIL GALLERY (4 images: 2 source images/2 thumbnails)
End of Big Sandy Leighton Base Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE: BIGSANDYLB01: Big Sandy Leighton Base points; Tennessee
ABOVE: BIGSANDYLB02: Big Sandy Leighton Base points; Tennessee End of Big Sandy Leighton Base - Complete Big Slough Associated Dates: 7000 - 4000 Y.B.P. - Middle Archaic Also See: Beacon Island, Big Creek, Boggy Branch, Elk River, Ferry, Williams Location: Southeastern United States Morphology: Stemmed
General Description:The Big Slough is a medium to large sized, broad, stemmed Middle Archaic blade or knife form that features a bulbous base. The blade edges are excurvate when new and near pristine and then take on a recurvate outline when they have been resharpened and reworked a few times. Often the blade will feature a mocronate distal tip. The resharpening process has left many specimens with a pronounced asymmetrical outline. The shoulders are inversely tapered and barbed and sometimes expanding. The stem is typically slightly expanding and has a straight to slightly convex basal edge. The basal edge is usually ground and the flaking ranges from collateral to random and is narrow and shallow. Some specimens with show collateral flaking on one face and random on the other blade face. The Big Slough is usually found in Georgia, Alabama and Tennessee. The type may be related to the Ferry point type found in Illinois and to the Boggy Branch point of southwestern Georgia, southeastern Alabama and northern Florida. Very small Big Slough points may be indistinguishable from Big Creek type. The typical dimensions for the Big Slough type are as follows: the length range is between 51 mm and 114 mm; the width ranges from 25 mm to 41 mm. The cross section is lenticular. The Big Slough type was named by David C. Hulse in 1969 for examples which he found in the Big Slough area of Limestone County, Alabama, although the type was first recognized by Cambron in 1960.
ABOVE, LEFT: BSLOU01: Big Slough point; see description below About the Point Above: The point pictured on the left is a medium-sized symmetrical example of the Big Slough type. The point is made from a patinated tan and reddish dull chert. The blade is knapped with diagonal collateral knapping scars on both faces. The specimen features the typical mocronate distal tip. The point measures 58 mm in length and is 33 mm at the widest point which is at the barbs. The blade is 8 mm thick. The base has been slightly ground as have the sides of the stem. The stem is 14.5 mm long, 24 mm wide and 5 mm thick. This point was found in near the town of Ramar, Tennessee. (TEXT SOURCE: Art Gumbus, Lithics-Net) BIG SLOUGH POINT THUMBNAIL GALLERY (40 images: 20 source images/20 thumbnails)
End of Big Slough Thumbnails - complete
ABOVE, LEFT: BSLOU02: Big Slough point; Tennessee River, Wayne Co., Tennessee; 2.38 inches (60.4mm)
ABOVE: BSLOU04: Big Slough point; Webster Co., Kentucky; 3.13 inches (78.25mm); colour distorted
ABOVE: BSLOU06 AND BSLOU07: Big Slough point; Massac Co., Illinois; 2.63 inches (66mm)
ABOVE: BSLOU08: Big Slough point; Colbert Co., Alabama; 2.88 inches (72mm); first of two views
ABOVE: BSLOU09: second of two views of Big Slough point described above
ABOVE: BSLOU10: Big Slough point; Lauderdale Co., Alabama; 2.5 inches (62.5mm)
ABOVE: BSLOU11 AND BSLOU12: Big Slough point; Massac Co., Illinois; 2.13 inches (54.1mm)
ABOVE: BSLOU13: Big Slough point; Lauderdale Co., Alabama; 2.68 inches (68mm); first of three views
ABOVE: BSLOU14: second of three views of Big Slough point described above
ABOVE: BSLOU15: third of three views of Big Slough point described above
ABOVE: BSLOU16: Big Slough point; no details. Source: TheAACA dot com
ABOVE, LEFT: BSLOU17: Big Slough point; western Kentucky; 3.31 inches (84mm); colour may be skewed, as this is supposed to be a grayish hornstone ABOVE: BSLOU19: Big Slough point; 2.0 inches (50.8mm) ABOVE: BSLOU20: Big Slough point; no location; 3.13 inches (79.5mm). Source: Arrowheadhunters dot com End of Big Slough - Complete Big Valley Associated Dates: 300 – 200 Y.B.P. Distribution: primarily northern California (although the entire state of Oregon is shown is red below, it appear likely that the Big Valley point is restricted to those areas of the state contiguous to California). It may also occur in the north-west corner of Nevada. ABOVE: BIGVAL01: Big Valley point; Lake Co., Oregon. Source: www.westernartifacts.com Billings Associated Dates: 300 – 200 Y.B.P. ABOVE: BILLINGS01: Billings point; Sweetwater Co., Wyoming; 1.06 inches (26.9mm); first of two views. Source: http://www.whitesartifacts.com ABOVE: BILLINGS02: second of two views of Billings point described above. Source: http://www.whitesartifacts.com ABOVE: BILLINGS03: Billings point; Sweetwater Co., Wyoming; 1.18 inches (29.9mm); first of two views. Source: http://www.whitesartifacts.com ABOVE: BILLINGS04: second of two views of Billings point described above. Source: http://www.whitesartifacts.com End of Billings - Complete End of Big Creek to Billings - Complete ©2010 J Keffer |
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